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Sponge reproduction may be sexual or asexual.Sponges may be encrusting or found in a variety of upright forms and commonly colored red, orange, or yellow.Oxygen is also obtained from this current. Choanocytes filter out bacteria and other tiny nutrients from the water flowing through the sponge. Some sponges can pump as much as 20,000 times their volume through their tissues within 24 hours. Chambers within a sponge's walls contain cells called choanocytes with flagella (long, slender projections) that beat to create a current pulling water through the sponge's tissue.Water flows into the sponge through ostia (tiny pores in the outer wall), then through small canals into spongocoels (spacious chambers), and exits though larger holes called oscula (singular: osculum).
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The more than 5,500 sponge species share many common characteristics including the following: Nearly all sponges are marine and sessile (attached to the bottom or a hard substrate.) Sponges are simple animals without internal organs, muscles, or nerves. Invertebrates are a diverse group of animals including many phyla and classes. Most of the animals in the tide pool are invertebrates - animals without backbones.